{"id":1152,"date":"2024-09-21T13:34:01","date_gmt":"2024-09-21T13:34:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/referanshukuk.com\/?p=1152"},"modified":"2024-10-13T12:40:06","modified_gmt":"2024-10-13T09:40:06","slug":"psikolojik-taciz-mobbing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/referanshukuk.com\/?p=1152","title":{"rendered":"Psikolojik Taciz (Mobbing)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"heykel,<\/strong><\/p>\n

Psikolojik Taciz (Mobbing)<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Psikolojik taciz(mobbing), \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131nda i\u015fveren veya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n sistematik y\u0131ld\u0131rma ama\u00e7l\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kavram, i\u015f yerinde belirli bir ki\u015fiyi hedef al\u0131p, sistemli bir bi\u00e7imde engelleyerek huzursuz etmeyi ve d\u0131\u015flamay\u0131 ifade eder.<\/p>\n

Psikolojik tacizden bahsedebilmek i\u00e7in sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n sistematik ve s\u00fcrekli olmas\u0131 gerekir. Yarg\u0131tay kararlar\u0131, olay\u0131n psikolojik taciz unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131p ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in detayl\u0131 inceleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgular.<\/p>\n

Fail ve Ma\u011fdur<\/strong><\/p>\n

Psikolojik taciz, ast, \u00fcst veya e\u015fit d\u00fczeyde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131labilir. \u0130\u015fveren de tacizin ma\u011fduru olabilir, ancak bu durumda i\u015fverenin sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 ispatlamas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Ma\u011fdur, genellikle i\u015f\u00e7ilerdir, fakat i\u015fverenin de ma\u011fdur olabilece\u011fi kabul edilir.Psikolojik tacizin \u00fc\u00e7 temel unsuru vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • S\u00fcre<\/strong>: Fiilin belirli bir s\u00fcre devam etmesi gereklidir.<\/li>\n
  • Sistematiklik<\/strong>: Davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n birbiriyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 ve sistematik olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/li>\n
  • Kast<\/strong>: Taciz eyleminin kasten yap\u0131lmas\u0131, yani bilerek ve isteyerek yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Psikolojik Tacizle \u0130hlal Edilen Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u0130\u015fverenin \u0130hlal Etti\u011fi Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Psikolojik taciz, i\u015fverenin \u0130\u015f Kanunu ve di\u011fer kanunlar kapsam\u0131ndaki y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini ihlal etmesine neden olur. \u0130\u015fveren, g\u00f6zetim borcunu, e\u015fit davranma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve ki\u015filik haklar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etmi\u015f olur. Bu durum, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n ilgili maddelerini de ihlal eder:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Anayasa Madde 10<\/strong>: Kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik ilkesi.<\/li>\n
    • Anayasa Madde 12<\/strong>: Temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetlerin korunmas\u0131.<\/li>\n
    • Anayasa Madde 17<\/strong>: Ya\u015fama, maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 koruma ve geli\u015ftirme hakk\u0131.<\/li>\n
    • Anayasa Madde 49<\/strong>: \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 koruma ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flama y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu (TCK) \u0130hlalleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Psikolojik taciz s\u0131ras\u0131nda T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu’nda su\u00e7 te\u015fkil eden baz\u0131 fiiller de kullan\u0131labilir:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Madde 106<\/strong>: Tehdit<\/li>\n
      • Madde 107<\/strong>: \u015eantaj<\/li>\n
      • Madde 117<\/strong>: \u0130\u015f ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma h\u00fcrriyetinin ihlali<\/li>\n
      • Madde 122<\/strong>: Ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k<\/li>\n
      • Madde 125<\/strong>: Hakaret<\/li>\n
      • Madde 123<\/strong>: Ki\u015filerin huzur ve s\u00fck\u00fbnunu bozma<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Mobbing uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l ispat ederim?<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Psikolojik tacize maruz kalan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar i\u00e7in en b\u00fcy\u00fck zorluklardan biri, ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 durumu ispat etmektir. \u0130\u015f akdi feshedildikten sonra mobbing iddialar\u0131n\u0131 ispatlamak daha da zor hale gelir. Genel olarak, HMK 190\/f.1 gere\u011fince, psikolojik tacize maruz kalan ma\u011fdur iddias\u0131n\u0131 ispatlamak zorundad\u0131r. \u0130\u015f Kanunu md. 5’e g\u00f6re, i\u015f\u00e7i bir ihlalin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6steren bir durumu ortaya koyarsa, i\u015fveren aksini ispatlamakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

        Yarg\u0131tay, psikolojik taciz davalar\u0131nda emareler, olaylar\u0131n tipik ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve tecr\u00fcbe kurallar\u0131ndan yararlan\u0131labilece\u011fini kabul etmi\u015ftir. Bu, mobbing ma\u011fdurlar\u0131 lehine bir ispat kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flar. Yarg\u0131tay, emare kan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 kullanman\u0131n ma\u011fdurlar i\u00e7in umut verici oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca, y\u00fczde y\u00fcz ispat \u015fart\u0131 aranmamaktad\u0131r; davac\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7inin mobbing uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair ku\u015fku uyand\u0131racak olgular ileri s\u00fcrmesi yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

        Sonu\u00e7 olarak, Yarg\u0131tay, \u00f6zel hukuk ve i\u015f hukuku yarg\u0131lamas\u0131nda vicdani kanaatin olu\u015fmas\u0131na yetecek kadar ispat\u0131 yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Delillerin s\u0131hhat ve kuvvetinde teredd\u00fct edilmesi halinde i\u015f\u00e7i lehine yorum ilkesinin uygulanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir<\/p>\n

        Mobbinge Kar\u015f\u0131 Ba\u015fvuru Yollar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Kamu G\u00f6revlileri<\/strong><\/p>\n

        657 say\u0131l\u0131 Devlet Memurlar\u0131 Kanunu md.21:<\/strong> Kamu g\u00f6revlileri, resmi ve \u015fahsi i\u015flerinden dolay\u0131 m\u00fcracaat, amirleri taraf\u0131ndan uygulanan idari eylem ve i\u015flemlerden dolay\u0131 \u015fik\u00e2yet ve dava a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131na sahiptir. M\u00fcracaat ve \u015fikayetler, en yak\u0131n amirden ba\u015flanarak yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

        T\u00fcrkiye \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 ve E\u015fitlik Kurumu:<\/strong> 6701 say\u0131l\u0131 kanun kapsam\u0131nda, ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa maruz kalanlar \u00fccretsiz olarak bu kuruma ba\u015fvurabilir. Kurum, insan haklar\u0131 ihlallerini incelemek, ara\u015ft\u0131rmak ve ilgili ki\u015filere bildirmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

        Kamu Denet\u00e7ili\u011fi Kurumu:<\/strong> Kamu g\u00f6revlileri, idarenin eylem ve i\u015flemlerine kar\u015f\u0131 bu kuruma ba\u015fvurabilirler. Kurum, hukuka ve hakkaniyete uygunluk y\u00f6n\u00fcnden inceleme yapar ve \u00f6nerilerde bulunur.<\/p>\n

        Kamu G\u00f6revlileri Etik Kurulu:<\/strong> Psikolojik taciz ma\u011fduru kamu g\u00f6revlileri, etik ilkelere ayk\u0131r\u0131 uygulamalar nedeniyle bu kurula ba\u015fvurabilirler. Kurulun karar\u0131, yarg\u0131 a\u015famas\u0131nda delil olarak kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

        Yarg\u0131:<\/strong> Psikolojik taciz, TCK’da ayr\u0131 bir su\u00e7 olarak d\u00fczenlenmemi\u015ftir. Ancak, tehdit, hakaret gibi fiiller nedeniyle savc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa \u015fikayette bulunulabilir. Ma\u011fdurlar, manevi tazminat istemiyle adli yarg\u0131da veya idareye kar\u015f\u0131 hizmet kusurundan dolay\u0131 idari yarg\u0131da dava a\u00e7abilirler<\/p>\n

        \u0130\u015f\u00e7iler<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u0130dari Ba\u015fvuru Yollar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Psikolojik taciz ma\u011fduru i\u015f\u00e7iler, i\u015f akdi sona ermeden \u00f6nce Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n 2011\/2 say\u0131l\u0131 genelgesi do\u011frultusunda \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’na veya \u0130l B\u00f6lge M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fcklerine \u015fik\u00e2yet edebilirler. Bakanl\u0131k, ALO 170 hatt\u0131 \u00fczerinden psikologlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara destek sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

        Adli Yarg\u0131 Ba\u015fvuru Yollar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u0130\u015f\u00e7iler, adli yarg\u0131 yoluyla psikolojik tacizin durdurulmas\u0131, \u00f6nlenmesi ve tespiti i\u00e7in dava a\u00e7abilirler. Ayr\u0131ca maddi ve manevi tazminat talep edebilirler.<\/p>\n

        \u0130\u015f Kanunu madde 5 kapsam\u0131nda ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k tazminat\u0131 ve d\u00f6rt ayl\u0131k \u00fccret tutar\u0131nda tazminat talep edebilirler. \u0130\u015f\u00e7iler, i\u015f akdini feshetmemi\u015f olsalar bile bu haklar\u0131 talep edebilir ve psikolojik tacizin tespiti davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilirler.<\/p>\n

        \u0130\u015f G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kuruluna ba\u015fvurarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nma hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullanabilirler.S\u00f6zle\u015fmesini fesheden i\u015f\u00e7iler, ihbar, k\u00f6t\u00fc niyet ve k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131 talep edebilirler.<\/p>\n

        Ayr\u0131ca Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu md.438 kapsam\u0131nda, \u00fccretlerinin 6 ayl\u0131k tutar\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7meyecek tazminat talep edebilirler. Belirli s\u00fcreli s\u00f6zle\u015fmeli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar ise k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131, bakiye s\u00fcre \u00fccreti ve manevi tazminat davalar\u0131 a\u00e7abilirler.<\/p>\n

        DAVA A\u015eAMALARI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \ud83d\udcc4 Dilek\u00e7e Verme<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n\n
        Psikolik tacize maruz kalan psikolojik tacizin durdurulmas\u0131, \u00f6nlenmesi, tespiti, maddi manevi zarara ili\u015fkin talepleriyle mahkemeye dilek\u00e7esini vererek ba\u015fvurur.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \n\n\n\n
        \ud83d\udcb0Yarg\u0131lama Giderlerinin \u00d6denmesi<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n\n
        Dava a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131rken belirli bir mahkeme harc\u0131 \u00f6denir.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \n\n\n\n
        <\/td>\n\ud83d\udcecDavan\u0131n Kabul\u00fcve Bildirim<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        <\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        Mahkeme, dilek\u00e7eyi alarak davay\u0131 kaydeder ve daval\u0131ya (kar\u015f\u0131 taraf) bildirimde bulunur.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

        \ud83d\udcc4 Daval\u0131 Taraf\u0131n Yan\u0131t\u0131:<\/td>\nDaval\u0131 taraf, kendisine y\u00f6neltilen iddialara cevap vermek \u00fczere belirli bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde cevap dilek\u00e7esi sunar.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \ud83d\udd0d Delil Sunma<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
        .<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\nDelil Sunma: Taraflar, mahkemeye delil sunar ve bunlar\u0131n nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendirilece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klar. Deliller, tan\u0131k ifadeleri, belgeler veya uzman raporlar\u0131 olabilir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \n\n\n\n
        \u2696\ufe0fDuru\u015fmalar<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        Mahkeme, taraflar\u0131n iddialar\u0131n\u0131, delillerini ve tan\u0131k ifadelerini dinlemek i\u00e7in duru\u015fmalar yapar.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

        \ud83d\udcdc Mahkeme Karar\u0131<\/td>\nMahkeme, taraflar\u0131n beyanlar\u0131n\u0131, delilleri ve tan\u0131k ifadelerini de\u011ferlendirerek karar\u0131n\u0131 verir. Karar, taraflara tebli\u011f edilir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \n\n\n\n
        \ud83d\udcddKanun Yollar\u0131na Ba\u015fvuru<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        Taraflar, karar\u0131 istinaf, temyiz, itiraz merciilerine g\u00f6t\u00fcrebilir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \ud83d\udd12 Karar\u0131n Kesinle\u015fmesi ve Uygulama<\/td>\nKesinle\u015fme: Mahkeme karar\u0131n\u0131n kesinle\u015fmesi, karar\u0131n kanun yollar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fckenmesiyle sa\u011flan\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \n\n\n\n
        \u2705 Sonu\u00e7 ve \u0130cra<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n
        <\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\nDava tamamlan\u0131r, talepler kabul edilirse mahkeme kararlar\u0131 uygulan\u0131r tazminat y\u00f6n\u00fcnden icra yoluna ba\u015fvurulabilir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        Davalar<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Psikolik tacize maruz kalan; psikolojik tacizin durdurulmas\u0131, \u00f6nlenmesi, tespitine y\u00f6nelik davalar a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n

        Maddi Tazminat<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Maddi tazminat, psikolojik tacize u\u011frayan i\u015f\u00e7inin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 fiziksel ve ruhsal zararlar nedeniyle talep edilebilir. Bu zararlar aras\u0131nda tedavi harcamalar\u0131, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn kayb\u0131 ve iktisadi gelecekteki riskler bulunur. Yarg\u0131tay\u2019a g\u00f6re, i\u015f\u00e7i psikolojik taciz nedeniyle hizmet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini hakl\u0131 nedenle feshedebilir veya i\u015fe devam ederek maddi tazminat talep edebilir.<\/p>\n

        Manevi Tazminat<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Manevi tazminat, psikolojik tacizin ruhsal sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bozdu\u011fu, ac\u0131 ve s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011fi durumlarda talep edilir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i, ki\u015filik haklar\u0131n\u0131n ihlalini ispat ederek manevi tazminat davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilir. Psikolojik taciz i\u015fveren de\u011fil, di\u011fer bir i\u015f\u00e7i taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa, i\u015fverenin sorumlulu\u011fu, i\u015fverenin tacize kar\u015f\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nlemler ve haberdar olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

        K\u0131dem ve \u0130hbar Tazminat\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Psikolojik tacize u\u011frayan i\u015f\u00e7i, i\u015f akdi feshedildi\u011finde k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131na hak kazan\u0131r. \u0130\u015fveren, i\u015f\u00e7inin i\u015f akdini haks\u0131z yere feshederse, i\u015f\u00e7i ihbar tazminat\u0131 da alabilir.<\/p>\n

        \u0130\u015fe \u0130ade Hakk\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Psikolojik taciz ma\u011fduru i\u015f\u00e7i, i\u015f akdinin feshedilmesi durumunda i\u015fe iade davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n

        \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmaktan Ka\u00e7\u0131nma Hakk\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u0130\u015f\u00e7i, i\u015fyerinde ciddi ve yak\u0131n bir tehlike ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nma hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullanabilir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i, tehlike tespit edilinceye kadar ve gerekli tedbirler al\u0131nana kadar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 reddedebilir.<\/p>\n

        Hak D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc S\u00fcre<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019na g\u00f6re, i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin feshi i\u00e7in 6 i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc ve 1 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde hak kullan\u0131m\u0131 gerekmektedir. S\u00fcreklilik arz eden psikolojik tacizlerde, bu s\u00fcrenin uygulanmayaca\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

        \"i\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u00d6rnek Yarg\u0131tay Kararlar\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n

        22. Hukuk Dairesi\u00a0 2013\/11788 E. , 2014\/14008 K.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u2018\u2019.. Davac\u0131,\u00a0mobbing\u00a0manevi tazminat\u0131 ve k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131 alacaklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6detilmesine karar verilmesini istemi\u015ftir. Mahkeme davay\u0131 reddetmi\u015ftir.Bir k\u0131s\u0131m i\u015f\u00e7iler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, daval\u0131 i\u015fyerinde genel olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara kaba davran\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, rencide edici s\u00f6z ve davran\u0131\u015flarda bulunuldu\u011fu, \u00f6rg\u00fctsel ileti\u015fimin k\u00f6t\u00fc oldu\u011fu, i\u015fin de \u00f6zelli\u011fi gere\u011fi stresli bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu, y\u00f6neticilerin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 sonucu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar \u00fczerinde psikolojik bask\u0131 olu\u015fturuldu\u011fu, bu durumun i\u015f doyumunu olumsuz etkiledi\u011fi dosya kapsam\u0131ndan ve \u00f6zellikle davac\u0131 tan\u0131k anlat\u0131mlar\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. <\/em>\u0130\u015fyerinde\u00a0mobbing, belirli ki\u015fi ya da ki\u015filerin zarar verici s\u00f6z, tutum ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131na maruz kal\u0131nmas\u0131yla ba\u015flayan y\u0131ld\u0131rma, y\u0131pratma, sindirme, b\u0131kt\u0131rma ve belli \u015fekilde davranmaya mecbur b\u0131rakma s\u00fcrecini i\u00e7ermektedir.<\/em><\/strong> Mobbing\u00a0kavram\u0131n\u0131n etimolojik anlam\u0131na ve tarihsel geli\u015fimine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; ayn\u0131 ortamda bulunan veya ayn\u0131 organizasyona ba\u011fl\u0131 olan bir veya birden fazla kimsenin bir ki\u015fiye belli bir ama\u00e7la, sistematik bir \u015fekilde, y\u0131lg\u0131nl\u0131k, korku, tedirginlik, endi\u015fe, bunal\u0131m, b\u0131kk\u0131nl\u0131k, s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 veya kayg\u0131 olu\u015fturacak s\u00f6z, tutum veya davran\u0131\u015flarla psikolojik ve duygusal bask\u0131 kurarak onu belli \u015fekilde davranmaya ya da davranmamaya, ortak alandan uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmaya, g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczle\u015ftirmeye, de\u011fersizle\u015ftirmeye, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lamaya, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmeye veya pasifize etmeye y\u00f6nelik \u00e7abalar\u0131na\u00a0mobbing\u00a0denilir.\u00a0Mobbingi; stres, t\u00fckenmi\u015flik sendromu, i\u015fyeri kabal\u0131\u011f\u0131, i\u015f tatminsizli\u011fi ya da doyumsuzlu\u011fu gibi olgulardan ay\u0131ran husus, belli ki\u015finin belli bir amaca y\u00f6nelik olarak hedef al\u0131nmas\u0131, yap\u0131lan haks\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n s\u00fcrekli, sistematik ve s\u0131k olu\u015fudur.<\/em><\/strong> Somut olayda iddia edilen haks\u0131z, kaba ve k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n di\u011fer \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara da yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, genel anlamda i\u015fyeri kabal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n ki\u015filik ve onurlar\u0131n\u0131n rencide edildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Davaya konu olayda, unsurlar\u0131 itibar\u0131yla\u00a0mobbingin\u00a0olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn ise de, i\u015fverenin, i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flama y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ihlal etti\u011fi, \u00f6te yandan ki\u015filik haklar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131y\u0131 \u00f6nlemedi\u011fi ve buna sebebiyet verdi\u011fi i\u00e7in i\u015f\u00e7iyi koruma ve g\u00f6zetme borcuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu durumun da i\u015f\u00e7iye i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini hakl\u0131 nedenle feshetme imk\u00e2n\u0131 verdi\u011fi kabul edilmelidir.Yukar\u0131da belirtilen ve a\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerden dolay\u0131, i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin i\u015f\u00e7i taraf\u0131ndan hakl\u0131 olarak feshedildi\u011finin kabul\u00fc ile k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131na h\u00fckmedilmesi gerekirken, yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde karar verilmesi hatal\u0131 olup Bozmay\u0131gerektirmi\u015ftir\u2026<\/em>BOZULMASINA\u2026, karar verildi;\u2019\u2019<\/p>\n

        9. Hukuk Dairesi\u00a0 2017\/12353 E. , 2019\/18877 K.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u2018\u2019\u2026Davac\u0131 vekili, m\u00fcvekkilinin\u2026.tarihinde i\u015f akdinin hakl\u0131 veya ge\u00e7erli bir neden olmaks\u0131z\u0131n tazminats\u0131z olarak feshedildi\u011fini\u2026m\u00fcvekkilinin 15\/05\/2012 tarihinde ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi i\u015f kazas\u0131 nedeni ile sa\u011f bacak i\u00e7 melol k\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve fibula k\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131 meydana geldi\u011fini, buna ra\u011fmen s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fik departmanlarda yeri de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek ayakta \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, daval\u0131 firman\u0131n m\u00fcvekkiline <\/em>psikolojik bask\u0131 <\/em><\/strong>uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bir k\u0131s\u0131m i\u015f\u00e7ilik alacaklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6denmedi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrerek k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131\u2026.<\/em>mobbing\u00a0nedeni ile manevi tazminat<\/em><\/strong>,..istemi\u015ftir.C)Yerel Mahkeme\u2026…davan\u0131n k\u0131smen kabul edildi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esi ile k\u00f6t\u00fcniyet tazminat\u0131 ve\u00a0mobbing\u00a0nedenine dayanan manevi tazminat haricindeki taleplerin kabul\u00fcne karar verilmi\u015ftir.Davac\u0131 vekili ihtar\u0131nda, i\u015f kazas\u0131ndan sonra defalarca davac\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na uymayan b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerde ve i\u015flerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu durum davac\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015fmesine zarar verdi\u011fi, e\u015fit davranma,\u00a0mobbing, eziyet, ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k hakk\u0131ndaki mevzuat h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 ve su\u00e7 olu\u015fturan fiiller oldu\u011fu, davac\u0131n\u0131n yeni verildi\u011fi r\u00f6tu\u015f ta\u015flama b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn davac\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k ko\u015fullar\u0131na uymad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu nedenle bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 kabul etmedikleri, yaz\u0131l\u0131 bildirim de yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan raport\u00f6r olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devm etmesi gerekti\u011fi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. <\/em>T\u00fcm dosya kapsam\u0131 ve t\u00fcm tan\u0131klar\u0131n beyanlar\u0131 birlikte de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde ve \u00f6zellikle daval\u0131 tan\u0131\u011f\u0131 H.\u015e.\u00fcn ifadesi de g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda davac\u0131 lehine makul miktarda manevi tazminata h\u00fckmedilmesi gerekti\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen bu talebin reddi hatal\u0131d\u0131r.Davac\u0131 lehine\u00a0mobbinge\u00a0dayal\u0131 makul miktarda manevi tazminata h\u00fckmedilmelidir<\/em><\/strong>\u2026\u2026..F) SONU\u00c7: Temyiz olunan karar\u0131n yukarda yaz\u0131l\u0131 sebeplerden dolay\u0131 BOZULMASINA, ..karar verildi.\u2019\u2019<\/em><\/p>\n

        9. Hukuk Dairesi\u00a0 2015\/4657 E., 2016\/15290 K.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u2018\u2019\u2026Yerel Mahkeme Karar\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6zeti:Mahkemece, toplanan kan\u0131tlar ve bilirki\u015fi raporuna dayan\u0131larak, dinlenen davac\u0131 tan\u0131klar\u0131 muhasebe departman\u0131nda i\u015flerin d\u00fczg\u00fcn ve d\u00fczenli y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesine ra\u011fmen muhasebe m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar \u00fczerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bask\u0131 kurdu\u011funu, yapt\u0131klar\u0131 i\u015fin be\u011fenilmedi\u011fini ve eksik bulundu\u011funu, hakaretler edildi\u011fini, davac\u0131n\u0131n da ayn\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flara maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, muhasebe m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn davac\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcne dosya f\u0131rlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131na dahi \u015fahit olduklar\u0131n\u0131, ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde bir\u00e7ok ki\u015finin dayanamayarak i\u015ften ayr\u0131lmak zorunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, davac\u0131n\u0131n da ayn\u0131 sebeple panik atak ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bir ka\u00e7 sefer hastanelik oldu\u011funu, en sonunda 15 y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcresini tamamlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ve bask\u0131lara dayanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan istifa ederek ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, zira muhasebe m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u00fcrekli bu durumu be\u011fenmiyorsa istifa ederek gidebilece\u011fini ifade etti\u011fini belirtikleri, davac\u0131n\u0131n her ne kadar 15 y\u0131l ve 3600 g\u00fcn prim \u00f6deme g\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 tamamlayarak i\u015fyerinden ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa da asl\u0131nda temel nedeninin \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan departmanda muhasebe m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan uygulanan\u00a0<\/em>mobbing\u00a0oldu\u011fu<\/em><\/strong>, davac\u0131n\u0131n manevi tazminat isteminin yerinde oldu\u011fu ayr\u0131ca fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, hafta tatili, y\u0131ll\u0131k izin, ulusal bayram ve genel tatil \u00fccreti alacaklar\u0131 da oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esi ile davan\u0131n k\u0131smen kabul\u00fcne, karar verilmi\u015ftir\u2026\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n

        3- \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f i\u015f hukuku bir taraftan uluslararas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler, di\u011fer taraftan Avrupa normlar\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7inin huzur i\u00e7erisinde i\u015fini g\u00f6rmesi, eme\u011finin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 almas\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ili\u015fkisinin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00fcvene dayanan tam bir uyum i\u00e7erisinde olmas\u0131n\u0131 ama\u00e7lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u0130\u015fyerinde psikolojik taciz (mobbing) \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f hukukun son zamanlarda mahkeme kararlar\u0131nda ve \u00f6\u011fretide dile getirdi\u011fi bir hukuki kurumdur. \u00d6rne\u011fin … Federal \u0130\u015f Mahkemesi bir karar\u0131nda i\u015f\u00e7ilerin birbirine sistematik olarak d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k beslemesi, kasten g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131, eziyet etmesi veya bu eylemlerin i\u015f\u00e7inin ba\u015fta i\u015fveren olmak \u00fczere amirleri taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/em><\/strong>(BAG, 15.01.1997, NZA. 1997) G\u00f6r\u00fclece\u011fi \u00fczere i\u015f\u00e7i bir taraftan di\u011fer i\u015f\u00e7iye, di\u011fer taraftan i\u015fverene kar\u015f\u0131 <\/em>korunmaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015f\u00e7inin anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0mobbing\u00a0te\u015fkil eden olaylar\u0131n tutarl\u0131k te\u015fkil etmesi, kuvvetli bir emarenin bulunmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Ki\u015filik haklar\u0131 ve sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011framas\u0131\u00a0mobbingin\u00a0varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z kabul\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011furur.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

        Somut uyu\u015fmazl\u0131kta, davac\u0131 kendisine i\u015fyerinde mobing uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f olup ispat y\u00fck\u00fc mobing iddias\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcren davac\u0131dad\u0131r. <\/em>Ancak tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131 ve dosya kapsam\u0131 de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde davac\u0131 mobing iddias\u0131n\u0131 ispatlayamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/em><\/strong>Tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131 genel nitelikte olup sistematik bir bask\u0131 durumu da ortaya konmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu durumda davac\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0mobbinge\u00a0dayal\u0131 manevi tazminat isteminin reddi yerine kabul\u00fc hatal\u0131d\u0131r\u2026Sonu\u00e7:Temyiz olunan karar\u0131n, yukar\u0131da yaz\u0131l\u0131 sebeplerden dolay\u0131 BOZULMASINA.., karar verildi.\u2019\u2019<\/em><\/p>\n

        <\/p>\n

        Yaz\u0131l\u0131 bilgiler g\u00fcncellenen mevzuatlar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde de\u011fi\u015febilir, somut olaya g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirilmesi gereken ba\u015fkaca ko\u015fullar bulunabilir. De\u011fi\u015fen ko\u015fullar ve davalar\u0131n kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc durumlar\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 sebebiyle hukuki uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar i\u00e7in profesyonel bir destek al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6neriyoruz. Davan\u0131zla ilgili hukuki s\u00fcrecin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in avukatl\u0131k hizmetimize ba\u015fvurabilirsiniz.<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Yaz\u0131l\u0131 bilgiler sebebiyle herhangi bir sorumluluk kabul edilmemektedir.<\/p>\n

        Kaynak\u00e7a:<\/p>\n

        Psikolojik Tacizin \u0130\u00e7tihatlar I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Uygulamadaki Yeri Nam\u0131k H\u00fcseyinli Hatice Aslan Atabay<\/p>\n

        ATABAY ASLAN, Hatice\u2013H\u00dcSEY\u0130NL\u0130, Nam\u0131k. \u201cMobbing\u201din T\u00fcrk Hukukuna Giri\u015fi (Etki ve Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 Bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Genel De\u011ferlendirme), \u0130zmir Barosu B\u00fclteni, May\u0131s \u00d6zel Say\u0131<\/p>\n

        AKGEY\u0130K Tekin\/OMAY Umut\/U\u015eEN \u015eelale\/G\u00dcNG\u00d6R Meltem, \u0130\u015fyerinde Psikolojik Taciz Olgusu: Niteli\u011fi, Yayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ve M\u00fccadele Stratejisi, \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi, Sosyal Siyaset Konferanslar\u0131 Dergisi, Say\u0131: 56,<\/p>\n

        Yarg\u0131tay 22. Hukuk Dairesi \u00a02013\/11788 E. \u00a0, \u00a02014\/14008 K.<\/p>\n

        Yarg\u0131tay 9. Hukuk Dairesi 2017\/12353 E. , 2019\/18877 K.<\/p>\n

        Yarg\u0131tay 9. Hukuk Dairesi 2015\/4657 E. , 2016\/15290 K.<\/p>\n

        \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Psikolojik Taciz (Mobbing) Psikolojik taciz(mobbing), \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131nda i\u015fveren veya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n sistematik y\u0131ld\u0131rma ama\u00e7l\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kavram, i\u015f yerinde belirli bir ki\u015fiyi hedef al\u0131p, sistemli bir bi\u00e7imde engelleyerek huzursuz etmeyi ve d\u0131\u015flamay\u0131 ifade eder. Psikolojik tacizden bahsedebilmek i\u00e7in sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n sistematik ve s\u00fcrekli olmas\u0131 gerekir. Yarg\u0131tay kararlar\u0131, olay\u0131n psikolojik taciz unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131p […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1153,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1152","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"blocksy_meta":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/referanshukuk.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1152","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/referanshukuk.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/referanshukuk.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/referanshukuk.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/referanshukuk.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1152"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/referanshukuk.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1152\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1482,"href":"https:\/\/referanshukuk.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1152\/revisions\/1482"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/referanshukuk.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1153"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/referanshukuk.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1152"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/referanshukuk.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1152"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/referanshukuk.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1152"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}